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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Universe (Unix)</span></span>
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<p>In some versions of the <a href="Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> <a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a>, the term <b>universe</b> was used to denote some variant of the working environment. During the late 1980s, most commercial Unix variants were derived from either <a href="UNIX_System_V" title="UNIX System V">System V</a> or <a href="Berkeley_Software_Distribution" title="Berkeley Software Distribution">BSD</a>. Most versions provided both BSD and System V universes and allowed the user to switch between them. Each universe, typically implemented by separate directory trees or separate filesystems, usually included different versions of commands, <a href="Library_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Library (computer science)">libraries</a>, <a href="Manual_page_(Unix)" class="mw-redirect" title="Manual page (Unix)">man pages</a>, and <a href="Header_file" class="mw-redirect" title="Header file">header files</a>. While such a facility offered the ability to develop applications portable across both System V and BSD variants, the requirements in disk space and maintenance (separate configuration files, twice the work in patching systems) gave them a problematic reputation. Systems that offered this facility included Harris/Concurrent's CX/UX, Convex's Convex/OS, <a href="Apollo_Computer" title="Apollo Computer">Apollo</a>'s <a href="Domain/OS" title="Domain/OS">Domain/OS</a> (version 10 only), <a href="Pyramid_Technology" title="Pyramid Technology">Pyramid</a>'s <a href="DC/OSx" title="DC/OSx">DC/OSx</a> (dropped in SVR4-based version 2), Concurrent's Masscomp/RTU, <a href="MIPS_Technologies" title="MIPS Technologies">MIPS Computer Systems</a>' <a href="RISC/os" class="mw-redirect" title="RISC/os">RISC/os</a>, Sequent's <a href="DYNIX/ptx" class="mw-redirect" title="DYNIX/ptx">DYNIX/ptx</a> and <a href="Siemens_Nixdorf_Informationssysteme" class="mw-redirect" title="Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme">Siemens</a>' <a href="SINIX" title="SINIX">SINIX</a>.
</p><p>Some versions of System V Release 4 retain a system similar to Dual Universe concept, with BSD commands (which behave differently from classic System V commands) in <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">
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</style><span class="monospaced">/usr/ucb</span>, BSD header files in <span class="monospaced">/usr/ucbinclude</span> and library files in <span class="monospaced">/usr/ucblib</span>. <span class="monospaced">/usr/ucb</span> can also be found in <a href="NeXTSTEP" title="NeXTSTEP">NeXTSTEP</a> and <a href="OPENSTEP" class="mw-redirect" title="OPENSTEP">OPENSTEP</a>, as well as <a href="Solaris_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Solaris (operating system)">Solaris</a>.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>
<ul><li>Sven Mascheck, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/various/universes/">DYNIX 3.2.0 and SINIX V5.20 Universes</a></li></ul></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2023-05-14" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Universe_(Unix)&oldid=1154712591">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.
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